Citric acid
CAS Number: 77-92-9
Chemical Formula: C6H8O7
Synonyms:
BETZ 6251
BETZ 0623
CITRIC ACID FREE ACID, ANHYDROUS PLANT CELL CULTURE
Appearance: White Powder
MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity): 1 FCL (Full Container Load)
Citric acid CAS#77-92-9
Citric acid is a white crystalline weak organic acid that acts as an intermediate in cellular respiration across most plants and animals. It features three carboxyl groups, classifying it as a tricarboxylic acid. The term “citrus” derives from the Greek “kedromelon,” referring to the citron fruit. Greek texts cite terms such as kitron, kitrion, or kitreos for Citrus medica, the source of citron. Lemons and limes are especially rich in citric acid, which can constitute up to 8% of the fruit’s dry weight.
Parameters
| Property | Value |
| Melting point | 153-159 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 310 °C (decomp) |
| bulk density | 560kg/m3 |
| density | 1.67 g/cm3 at 20 °C |
| vapor density | 7.26 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | <0.1 hPa (20 °C) |
| refractive index | 1.493~1.509 |
| FEMA | 2306 | CITRIC ACID |
| Fp | 100 °C |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| solubility | Citric acid dissolves in absolute ethanol at 15 °C at 76 parts per 100 parts ethanol. |
| form | grit |
| pka | 3.14(at 20℃) |
| color | White |
| PH | 3.24(1 mM solution);2.62(10 mM solution);2.08(100 mM solution); |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Odor Type | odorless |
| biological source | synthetic |
| explosive limit | 8%, 65°F |
| Water Solubility | soluble in Water (1174g/L at 10°C, 1809g/L at 30°C, 3825g/L at 80°C). |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| λmax | λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.20; λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.10 |
| Merck | 14,2326 |
| JECFA Number | 218 |
| BRN | 782061 |
| Stability: | Stable. Incompatible with bases, strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, metal nitrates. |
| Cosmetics Ingredients Functions | CHELATING; FRAGRANCE; BUFFERING |
| InChIKey | KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| LogP | -1.64 |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 77-92-9(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-(77-92-9) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Citric acid (77-92-9) |
Safety Information
| Item | Value |
| Hazard Codes | Xi,C,T |
| Risk Statements | 41-36/37/38-36/38-37/38-34-36-35-61-60 |
| Safety Statements | 26-39-37/39-24/25-36/37/39-45-36-53 |
| RIDADR | UN 1789 8/PG 3 |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | GE7350000 |
| F | 9 |
| TSCA | TSCA listed |
| HS Code | 2918 14 00 |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 77-92-9(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 in mice, rats (mmol/kg): 5.0, 4.6 i.p. (Gruber, Halbeisen) |
Product Application
Citric acid is a weak organic acid produced industrially at over one million tonnes annually via fungal fermentation using raw sugar solutions like molasses and Aspergillus niger strains. It occurs widely in plants and animal tissues and fluids, with high concentrations in citrus fruits including lemons and limes. Primary uses include acidulant, flavor enhancer, and chelating agent. It also serves as a chemical restraint in collodion process developers and silver nitrate solutions for sensitizing salted and albumen papers.
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