Levulinic acid
CAS Number: 123-76-2
Chemical Formula: C5H8O3
Synonyms:
2-Acetopropionicacid
4-oxovaleric
Appearance: Light Yellow Liquid
MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity): 1 FCL (Full Container Load)
Product Details
Levulinic acid CAS#123-76-2
Levulinic acid features a tart, whiskey‑like flavor. It can be produced by reacting concentrated or dilute hydrochloric acid with sucrose, glucose, or fructose, which explains why it is found in caramelized products.
Parameters
| Item | Value |
| Melting point | 30-33 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 245-246 °C (lit.) |
| density | 1.134 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| vapor pressure | 1 mm Hg (102 °C) |
| refractive index | n20/D 1.439(lit.) |
| FEMA | 2627 | LEVULINIC ACID |
| Fp | 280 °F |
| storage temp. | Store below +30°C. |
| solubility | 675g/l |
| pka | pKa 4.65(H2O,t = 25,c=0.03-0.001) (Uncertain) |
| form | Liquid After Melting |
| color | Clear yellow |
| Odor | at 100.00 %. sweet caramel acidic acetoin buttery |
| Odor Type | caramellic |
| biological source | synthetic |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in water (675g/L at 20°C). |
| Sensitive | Light Sensitive |
| Merck | 14,5472 |
| JECFA Number | 606 |
| BRN | 506796 |
| Major Application | cleaning products cosmetics flavors and fragrances food and beverages personal care |
| Cosmetics Ingredients Functions | PERFUMING SKIN CONDITIONING |
| Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) | Levulinic acid (123-76-2) |
| InChI | 1S/C5H8O3/c1-4(6)2-3-5(7)8/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,7,8) |
| InChIKey | JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CC(=O)CCC(O)=O |
| LogP | -0.498 |
| Surface tension | 42.53mN/m at 298.15K |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 123-76-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Pentanoic acid, 4-oxo-(123-76-2) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Levulinic acid (123-76-2) |
Safety Information
| Item | Value |
| Hazard Codes | Xn,C |
| Risk Statements | 22-36/37/38-34-R34-R22 |
| Safety Statements | 26-45-36/37/39-S45-S36/37/39-S26 |
| RIDADR | 3261 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | OI1575000 |
| TSCA | TSCA listed |
| HazardClass | 8 |
| PackingGroup | III |
| HS Code | 29183000 |
| Storage Class | 13 – Non Combustible Solids |
| Hazard Classifications | Acute Tox. 4 Oral Eye Dam. 1 Skin Sens. 1 |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1850 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 5000 mg/kg |
Product Application
Levulinic acid serves as a raw material for pharmaceuticals, fragrances, coatings, and solvents.
It is highly versatile: acting as both a carboxylic acid and a ketone, it undergoes esterification, halogenation, hydrogenation, oxidation, dehydrogenation, and condensation to form resins, medicines, flavors, solvents, rubber and plastic additives, lubricant additives, and surfactants. In pharma, its calcium salt supports bone health and normal neuromuscular function; it is also used in indomethacin and plant hormone production. Bisphenol acid derived from levulinic acid yields water‑soluble resins for paper filter applications. It is also a key intermediate for agrochemicals and dyes.
It is used in biochemical reagents and organic synthesis.
As an important industrial feedstock and solvent, it supports production of pharmaceuticals (IV formulations, indomethacin), resins (water‑soluble bisphenol acid resins), flavors (food and tobacco), coatings, pesticides, and surfactants.
It supports biochemical research, ester and drug manufacturing, and acts as a chlorophyll synthesis inhibitor.
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